Fast Evaluations of Integrals in the Ffowcs Williams–Hawkings Formulation in Aeroacoustics via the Fast Multipole Method

A new approach to accelerating the evaluation of monopole and dipole source integrals via fast multipole method (FMM) in time domain for general three-dimensional (3-D) aeroacoustic problems is presented this paper. In approach, field predicted a hybrid that uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) near-field flow calculations Ffowcs Williams–Hawkings (FW-H) acoustic analogy far-field sound predictions. The surface terms appearing FW-H formulation accelerated by 3-D FMM reduce cost. proposed referred as Fast work. performance efficiency methodology are demonstrated using several examples. First, predictions cases stationary monopole, moving uniform studied, generally showing good agreement with analytical solutions. Second, radiating from passing finite-length circular cylinder propeller an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) during forward flight computed results obtained methods stationary, permeable compared. overall solutions found be approximately two times faster than original method, indicating can accurate efficient tool modelling problems.